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| Academy Award for Best Actress | |
|---|---|
.jpg) The 2025 recipient: Mikey Madison | |
| Awarded for | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role |
| Country | United States |
| Presented by | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) |
| First award | May 16, 1929 (for films released during the 1927/1928 film season) |
| Most recent winner | Mikey Madison, Anora (2024) |
| Most awards | Katharine Hepburn (4) |
| Most nominations | Meryl Streep (17) |
| Website | oscars |
The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It has been awarded since the 1st Academy Awards to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Actor winner. However, in recent years, it has shifted towards being presented by previous years' Best Actress winners instead.
The Best Actress award has been presented 97 times, to 80 different actresses. The first winner was Janet Gaynor for her roles in 7th Heaven (1927), Street Angel (1928), and Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927), and the most recent winner is Mikey Madison for her role in Anora (2024). The record for most wins is four, held by Katharine Hepburn; Frances McDormand has won three times, and thirteen other actresses have won the award twice. Meryl Streep has received the most nominations in the category—seventeen—and has won twice. At the 41st Academy Awards in 1969, Barbra Streisand and Katharine Hepburn received the same number of votes and so shared the award, the only time this has occurred.
Nominations process
[edit]Nominees are currently determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.[1]
In the first three years of the awards, actors and actresses were nominated as the best individuals in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award.[2] Despite this, at the 3rd Academy Awards, held in 1930, only one film was cited in each winner's award regardless of how many they were eligible to be considered for during that span.[3] The current system, in which an actress is nominated for a specific performance in a single film, was introduced for the 4th Academy Awards.[2] Starting with the 9th Academy Awards, held in 1937, the category was limited to a maximum five nominations per year.[2]
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Janet Gaynor was the inaugural winner, for three films: 7th Heaven (1927), Street Angel (1928), and Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927).
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Mary Pickford won for Coquette (1929).
Norma Shearer won for The Divorcee (1930).
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Marie Dressler won for Min and Bill (1930).
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Katharine Hepburn won four times, for: Morning Glory (1933), Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967), The Lion in Winter (1968), and On Golden Pond (1981).
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Claudette Colbert won for It Happened One Night (1934).
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Luise Rainer was the first to win twice consecutively, for The Great Ziegfeld (1936) and The Good Earth (1937).
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Ginger Rogers won for Kitty Foyle (1940).
Joan Fontaine won for Suspicion (1941).
Greer Garson won for Mrs. Miniver (1942).
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Jennifer Jones won for The Song of Bernadette (1943).
Joan Crawford won for Mildred Pierce (1945).
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Loretta Young won for The Farmer's Daughter (1947).
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Judy Holliday won for Born Yesterday (1950).
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Shirley Booth won for Come Back, Little Sheba (1952); won Tony for the same role—first actress to accomplish this.
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Audrey Hepburn won for Roman Holiday (1953).
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Grace Kelly won for The Country Girl (1954).
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Anna Magnani won for The Rose Tattoo (1955).
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Joanne Woodward won for The Three Faces of Eve (1957).
Susan Hayward won for I Want to Live! (1958).
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Simone Signoret won for Room at the Top (1959).
Anne Bancroft won for The Miracle Worker (1962).
Patricia Neal won for Hud (1963).
Julie Andrews won for Mary Poppins (1964).
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Julie Christie won Darling (1965).
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Maggie Smith won for The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1969).
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Liza Minnelli won for Cabaret (1972).
Ellen Burstyn won for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (1974).
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Louise Fletcher won for One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975).
Faye Dunaway won for Network (1976).
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Diane Keaton won for Annie Hall (1977).
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Sissy Spacek won for Coal Miner's Daughter (1980).
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Shirley MacLaine won for Terms of Endearment (1983).
Geraldine Page won for The Trip to Bountiful (1985).
Marlee Matlin won for Children of a Lesser God (1986); first deaf, and at age 21, this category's youngest winner.
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Cher won for Moonstruck (1987).
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Kathy Bates won for Misery (1990).
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Emma Thompson won for Howards End (1992).
Holly Hunter won for The Piano (1993).
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Jessica Lange won for Blue Sky (1994).
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Susan Sarandon won for Dead Man Walking (1995).
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Frances McDormand won thrice, for Fargo (1996), Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017), and Nomadland (2020).
Helen Hunt won for As Good as It Gets (1997).
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Gwyneth Paltrow won for Shakespeare in Love (1998).
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Julia Roberts won for Erin Brockovich (2000).
Nicole Kidman won for The Hours (2002).
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Charlize Theron won for Monster (2003).
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Reese Witherspoon won for Walk the Line (2005).
Helen Mirren won for The Queen (2006).
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Kate Winslet won for The Reader (2008).
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Sandra Bullock won for The Blind Side (2009).
Natalie Portman won for Black Swan (2010).
Jennifer Lawrence won for Silver Linings Playbook (2012).
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Cate Blanchett won for Blue Jasmine (2013).
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Julianne Moore won for Still Alice (2014).
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Brie Larson won for Room (2015).
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Olivia Colman won for The Favourite (2018).
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Renée Zellweger won for Judy (2019).
Jessica Chastain won for The Eyes of Tammy Faye (2021).
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Michelle Yeoh won for Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022); first Southeast Asian winner in this category.
Winners and nominees
[edit]In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year.[4] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months, from August 1 to July 31.[5] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933.[5] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.[5]
| ? | Indicates the winner |
|---|---|
| ? | Indicates a posthumous nominee |
1920s
[edit]| Year | Actress | Role(s) | Film | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1927/28 (1st) |
Janet Gaynor ? | Diane | 7th Heaven | [6] |
| Angela | Street Angel | |||
| The Wife | Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans | |||
| Louise Dresser | Mrs. Pleznik | A Ship Comes In | ||
| Gloria Swanson | Sadie Thompson | Sadie Thompson | ||
| 1928/29 (2nd) [note 1] |
Mary Pickford ? | Norma Besant | Coquette | [7] |
| Ruth Chatterton | Jacqueline Floriot | Madame X | ||
| Betty Compson | Carrie | The Barker | ||
| Jeanne Eagels ? | Leslie Crosbie | The Letter | ||
| Corinne Griffith | Emma Hamilton | The Divine Lady | ||
| Bessie Love | Hank Mahoney | The Broadway Melody |
1930s
[edit]1940s
[edit]1950s
[edit]1960s
[edit]1970s
[edit]1980s
[edit]1990s
[edit]2000s
[edit]2010s
[edit]2020s
[edit]Multiple wins and nominations
[edit]The following individuals won two or more Academy Awards for Best Actress:
| Wins | Actress | Nominations |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Katharine Hepburn | 12 |
| 3 | Frances McDormand | 3 |
| 2 | Meryl Streep | 17 |
| Bette Davis | 11 | |
| Ingrid Bergman | 6 | |
| Jane Fonda | ||
| Elizabeth Taylor | 5 | |
| Olivia de Havilland | 4 | |
| Glenda Jackson | ||
| Jodie Foster | 3 | |
| Sally Field | 2 | |
| Vivien Leigh | ||
| Luise Rainer | ||
| Emma Stone | ||
| Hilary Swank |
The following individuals received three or more Best Actress nominations:
Age superlatives
[edit]| Record | Actor | Film | Year | Age | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oldest Winner | Jessica Tandy | Driving Miss Daisy | 1990 | 80 | [105] |
| Oldest Nominee | Emmanuelle Riva | Amour | 2013 | 85 | [105] |
| Youngest Winner | Marlee Matlin | Children of a Lesser God | 1987 | 21 | [105] |
| Youngest Nominee | Quvenzhané Wallis | Beasts of the Southern Wild | 2013 | 9 | [105] |
Films with multiple Leading Actress nominations
[edit]Winners are in bold.
- All About Eve (1950) – Anne Baxter and Bette Davis
- Suddenly, Last Summer (1959) – Katharine Hepburn and Elizabeth Taylor
- The Turning Point (1977) – Anne Bancroft and Shirley MacLaine
- Terms of Endearment (1983) – Shirley MacLaine and Debra Winger
- Thelma & Louise (1991) – Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon
Multiple character nominations
[edit]The following were nominated for their portrayals of the same fictional or non-fictional character in separate films (including variations of the original).
- Billie Holiday from Lady Sings the Blues (Diana Ross, 1972) and The United States vs. Billie Holiday (Andra Day, 2021)
- Josephine "Jo" March from Little Women (Winona Ryder, 1994) and Little Women (Saoirse Ronan, 2019)
- Leslie Crosbie from The Letter (Jeanne Eagels, 1929) and The Letter (Bette Davis, 1940)
- Marilyn Monroe from My Week with Marilyn (Michelle Williams, 2011) and Blonde (Ana de Armas, 2022)
- Queen Elizabeth I from Elizabeth (Cate Blanchett, 1998) and Elizabeth: The Golden Age (Cate Blanchett, 2007)
- Vicki Lester (née Esther (Victoria) Blodgett) from A Star Is Born (Janet Gaynor, 1937) and A Star Is Born (Judy Garland, 1954)
- Ally Maine (née Campano) from A Star Is Born (Lady Gaga, 2018)
See also
[edit]- Academy Award for Best Actor
- All Academy Award acting nominees
- List of actors with more than one Academy Award nomination in the acting categories
- List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories
- BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
- César Award for Best Actress
- Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress
- Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
- Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
- Independent Spirit Award for Best Lead Performance
- Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
- List of Academy Award–nominated films
Notes
[edit]- ^ The 2nd Academy Awards is unique in being the only occasion where there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of unofficial or de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges.
- A1 2 : Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film. Greta Garbo and Norma Shearer were both nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Shearer won the award for only one of the two films she was listed for.[106]
- B^ : Bette Davis's performance in Of Human Bondage was not nominated for an Oscar.[107] Several influential people at the time campaigned to have her name included on the list, so for that year (and the following year also) the Academy relaxed its rules and allowed a write-in vote.[108] Technically this meant that any performance was eligible to win the award, whether or not the person was an official nominee. While the Academy does not officially recognize this as a nomination for Davis,[109][110] it has included her in the list of nominees for the 1935 ceremony on its official website.[12]
- C1 2 : Katharine Hepburn and Barbra Streisand received the same number of votes, resulting in both actresses receiving the award, according to Academy rules.[111]
- D^ : Elliot Page was nominated as Ellen Page, before his gender transition in 2020.[112]
References
[edit]- ^ "Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards" (PDF). AMPAS. p. 8-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
- ^ a b c Levy 2003, p. 56
- ^ Dirks, Tim. "1929–38 Academy Awards Winners and History". Filmsite. Rainbow Media. Archived from the original on August 29, 2016. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
- ^ Crouse 2005, p. 257
- ^ a b c Levy 2003, p. 52
- ^ "The 1st Academy Awards (1929) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 2nd Academy Awards (1930) Nominees and Winners". AMPAS. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
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- ^ "The 5th Academy Awards (1933) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 6th Academy Awards (1934) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ a b "The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
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- ^ "The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved January 14, 2017.
- ^ "The 90th Academy Awards (2018) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 15, 2018. Retrieved January 14, 2018.
- ^ "The 91st Academy Awards (2019) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on February 28, 2019. Retrieved January 14, 2019.
- ^ "The 92nd Academy Awards (2020) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
- ^ The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- ^ "The 93rd Academy Awards (2021) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on May 1, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ "The 94th Academy Awards (2022) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 1, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ "The 95th Academy Awards (2023) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ "The 96th Academy Awards (2024) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 22, 2024. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
- ^ "The 97th Academy Awards (2025) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Retrieved March 2, 2025.
- ^ a b c d "Oldest/Youngest Acting Nominees and Winners". AMPAS. Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved December 28, 2014.
- ^ Rooney, David (November 25, 2003). "On the double-bubble". Variety. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
- ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 1002
- ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 1045
- ^ Levy 2003, p. 51
- ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 65
- ^ Levy 2003, p. 116
- ^ Donnelly, Matt (December 1, 2020). "Oscar-Nominated 'Umbrella Academy' Star Elliot Page Announces He Is Transgender". Variety. Archived from the original on December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
Bibliography
[edit]- Crouse, Richard (2005). Reel Winners: Movie Award Trivia. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3.
- Levy, Emanuel (2003), All About Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards, New York, United States: Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-82641-452-6
- Thise, Mark (2008), Hollywood Winners & Losers A to Z, New York, United States: Limelight Editions, ISBN 978-0-87910-351-4
- Wiley, Mason; Bona, Damien (1996), Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards (5 ed.), New York, United States: Ballantine Books, ISBN 978-0-34540-053-6, OCLC 779680732
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Academy Award for Best Actress.
- Oscars.org Archived January 22, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (official Academy site)
- The Academy Awards Database (official site)
- Oscar.com Archived September 9, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (official ceremony promotional site)
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